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Etiquette For Entering The House

2008/11/14 13:09:00 41841

The meaning of home visit

Access to the home refers to the respondents according to the sampling principle of the research project to the respondents' home or work unit, find qualified respondents, directly face to face with the interviewees, get the respondents' first hand information and information investigation methods for specific things, phenomena, willingness or behavior.

In the process of entering the home, the interviewer can verify the authenticity of the questions answered by the interviewees, so that the survey errors are reduced. In addition, the interviewees can explain the various difficulties to the interviewees at any time because of their flexibility in grasping the order of questioning according to the situation, so that the accuracy of the visits has been improved and the effectiveness of the visits has also been ensured.

Because of the unique advantages of home visits, household visits have become the most commonly used method in public opinion polls.

In the first public security survey conducted in A City, the household survey method was adopted in zero survey.

Examples 4, 1, 1, household access method, steps, examples

1执行时间：2003年10月15日至11月15日

2调查区域:A市19个区

3调查对象:要求同时满足以下条件:年龄在16岁以上，70岁以下；A市常住居民(指在当地居住一年及一年以上的)。

4抽样方法：本次抽样采用多层随机抽样法，首先通过各区A市人口比例来确定各区需要样本数。再通过各区管辖的街道、乡和镇数量来确定各街道、乡和镇所需样本数量。再根据街道、乡镇管辖居委会、村委会的数量确认居委会的样本量。最后在居委会中通过随机抽取的方法获得样本。在访问阶段遇拒访、无人或不符合访问条件，以下一个样本户替代。在抽取街道、居委会过程中，根据配额选取指定重点区域的受访样本。重点区域名单的确定由委托方提供。

5访问方法：使用入户面对面的访问形式，访问由零点访问中心访问员执行。访问采用读录法进行，即由访问员读出问题及选项，必要时出示卡片和图片，由受访者回答，由访问员填写。每份访问大约持续15~30分钟。访问结束时赠送小礼品。

6数据处理：本次调查在所有问卷回收后，经过复核编码工作，数据使用Epidata软件录入计算机，经过逻辑查错形成最终数据库。

入户访问的特征

Generally speaking, household visits generally have several characteristics.

The interview was conducted in the environment where respondents were familiar with the questionnaire.

Visits are conducted in the respondents' homes or units, that is, the visit is in a comfortable, safe and natural environment. Usually, once the visit begins, the respondents will generally have the patience to complete their visits, and there is little case of refusal or discontinuation.

访问的问卷可以相对较长

Because the visit was conducted in the respondents' home or the respondents' units or other fixed places, the respondents were less disturbed by external factors.

And in general, access is usually conducted in the amateur hours of the interviewee (such as the weekend), and the visitor has plenty of time to answer the question.

Therefore, it is more appropriate for households who have larger internal capacity or longer access time.

易于质量控制

During the household visit, the interviewee must clearly record the address of the respondents' family or unit, and can also contact the face-to-face interview with the respondents' consent. Therefore, when the reviewer inspecting the visiting questionnaires in real time, they can find out the respondents' face-to-face checks according to the detailed addresses recorded in the questionnaire, which has brought great convenience to the authenticity of the inspection visits.

可以进行研究内容较为复杂的调查项目

Because the visit to the home is conducted in the environment that the respondents are familiar with, the access time can be relatively long. Therefore, the accessor can make use of some accessed articles, such as samples, photographs, cards, and graphics, to achieve more or more complicated visits, which is difficult to do in general telephone, interception or internet access.

结果可以进行总体推断

Household visit is a good method of multi stage random sampling survey, and its results can be used for overall inference.

For a public opinion poll, if you need to infer the overall attitude or behavior of some of the respondents, the way of household visits can meet the requirements well.

Relatively speaking, other types of access methods, such as online surveys and interception visits, can not be controlled by the interviewees' sampling. Therefore, the survey results obtained by such methods do not have a good effect in inferring the market as a whole, or we can not deduce the overall situation of the survey based on these findings.

调查成本较高

Due to the complexity of the procedures for entering the home, the cost of visiting is relatively high. This includes all kinds of pportation expenses and the gift fees of the respondents, and these expenses will be greatly reduced or not in other non household visits.

At the same time, when using household visits, the cost of labor paid by investigation companies to visitors is higher than that of other survey methods, all of which increase the cost of investigation to a certain extent.

拒访率较高

Generally speaking, ordinary consumers are reluctant to accept unscent visits and safety concerns. Especially when visiting residents in central cities, sometimes visitors need to contact many samples to find a sample that is eligible and willing to be interviewed. Therefore, the rate of refusal to visit households is relatively high.

In addition to the above characteristics, the main problem facing household visits is whether the authenticity and reliability of the survey data can not be guaranteed if the visitors do not strictly follow the quality of the sampled households in advance or according to the pre designed problems and requirements.

Therefore, in the household survey, the selection, supervision and training of the interviewer will be very important.

入户访问的技巧

In view of the above characteristics of household visits and taking into account the sensitivity of opinion polls, visitors often encounter more communication barriers in entry visits, which include barriers to entry time, trust barriers from interviewees, and communication barriers from interviews.

Among them, the time barrier to visit is from the conflict between the free time and the execution time of the respondents themselves.

The trust disorder is mainly manifested in the psychological trust of the interviewees. For example, the respondents may doubt whether the interviewees are engaged in public opinion surveys or have other purposes.

Communication barriers in interviews are mainly manifested in the fact that the communication between the interviewees and the respondents may be poor due to the poor psychological quality of the interviewers.

To effectively overcome these communication barriers and ensure the quality of visits, visitors need to master certain access skills.

□选择一个合适的访问时间

In order to overcome the time barriers to visit, it is very necessary to choose an appropriate access time.

Generally speaking, the statutory rest days (such as Saturday, Sunday, etc.) and statutory working day's leisure time (such as evening) are the best time to visit households.

During these periods, there are more opportunities for family members to gather, and the probability of visiting households is greater.

Of course, when choosing the time to visit households, we also need to consider the differences in the social work hours of the respondents. For example, when our visitors are mainly targeted at the self-employed households, because their time is controlled more freely, the choice of time to visit is not limited to the statutory rest days.

For example, when our target audience is mainly targeted at the age group of over 50 years old people, because these groups are mainly retirees, different considerations should also be given when choosing a home.

□选择合适的访问员

From the point of view of overcoming the barriers to entry, it is very meaningful to choose suitable visitors to alleviate this problem.

Generally speaking, the trust barrier of male visitors is generally greater than that of female interviewers; the smaller the age is, the smaller the trust barrier of the interviewees is.

Besides, the clothes and manners of the interviewer will also have a greater impact on overcoming trust barriers.

In view of these factors, the young female students are generally more suitable to take part in the public opinion polls. At the same time, strict training in dress and communication etiquette for visitors is helpful for improving the validity of visits.

□提高访问员的交际能力

In order to overcome the communication barriers in the process of visiting households, improving the communication skills of the interviewees is the most direct way to improve the influence.

This includes the ability of the interviewer to interpret the questionnaire, the ability of the interviewer to communicate in depth, and the ability to control the scene. Usually, we can achieve the purpose of visiting through the basic training (visiting skills) and special training (understanding of the questionnaire).

实例412访问员实际入户访问感受示例

First entry into the household